Azure

This content was generated with the assistance of AI and should be verified against the official documentation before being relied on in production.

See the section bibliography for the reference material consulted while preparing these pages.

Welcome to the Azure reference. It documents Microsoft Azure for practitioners who work from the Azure portal and the Azure CLI — provisioning resources, wiring them together, and operating what results — rather than from the perspective of an AZ-900-style conceptual overview. Examples across this section target Azure CLI version 2.90.0, Bicep version 0.47.16 and the Azure Developer CLI (azd) version 1.34.2; this baseline was re-verified as current on 2026-09-27, and each page also names the extension or preview-feature versions it specifically depends on, since Azure ships new capabilities to individual services on its own schedule.

Coming from AWS? See the AWS (Amazon Web Services) section, which includes a service-mapping table to Azure, and the Google Cloud section.

The Bookshelf scenario

Most pages in this section build up one running example, Bookshelf: a small online bookshop with a public catalog, a checkout flow and an order-confirmation email, deployed entirely on Azure. Every resource in it shares one resource group and one naming convention, so a command copied from one page composes with a command copied from another:

Concern Name / value

Resource group

rg-bookshelf

Region

eastus2 (a placeholder — pick the region closest to the reader)

ACR

acrbookshelf

Container Apps environment

cae-bookshelf

Container Apps

catalog-api, orders-api, notifier (as a job)

AKS cluster

aks-bookshelf

Storage account (static site + Blob)

stbookshelf

Front Door profile

afd-bookshelf

PostgreSQL flexible server

pg-bookshelf (database catalog)

Azure DocumentDB / Cosmos cluster

docdb-bookshelf (database orders)

Azure Managed Redis

redis-bookshelf

Key Vault

kv-bookshelf

App Configuration store

appcs-bookshelf

API Management

apim-bookshelf

VPN Gateway / VNet

vnet-bookshelf, vgw-bookshelf

Email Communication Service

acs-bookshelf

Foundry resource (AIServices, custom subdomain)

foundry-bookshelf

Foundry project

proj-bookshelf

Azure AI Search service

search-bookshelf

Blob containers for audio, video and documents (in stbookshelf)

media, invoices

Vision resource for cover captions (ComputerVision, East US, where captions are available)

vision-bookshelf

Immersive Reader resource (not part of AIServices)

reader-bookshelf

Bookshelf starts on Container Apps (cae-bookshelf, covered in the Compute group below) and later moves its three services — catalog-api, orders-api and the notifier job — onto an AKS cluster (aks-bookshelf), covered in AKS Clusters and Deploying Microservices on AKS. The figure below shows Bookshelf’s end state, once every group’s pages have been applied: the AKS-hosted services behind API Management and Front Door, with the databases, secrets and configuration store reached through private endpoints inside vnet-bookshelf, an admin VPN path, and Azure Monitor watching all of it. It is not the architecture a reader has running after just the Compute pages — see Choosing a Compute Service and Container Apps for the earlier, Container-Apps-only stage.

Bookshelf end-state architecture on AKS: Front Door in front of a static site on Blob Storage and an API Management gateway, which fronts catalog-api, orders-api and the notifier job running on AKS inside a private VNet with private endpoints to PostgreSQL, Azure DocumentDB, Azure Managed Redis, Key Vault and App Configuration, an admin VPN Gateway, Azure Communication Services for outbound email, and Azure Monitor observing everything

Reading path

Read this section foundations first — accounts, regions, resource groups, identity and infrastructure as code — then compute, where Bookshelf’s services first get deployed. From there, storage and CDN put the static front end and its assets somewhere durable and fast to serve, and managed databases give catalog-api and orders-api somewhere to persist data. Security and runtime configuration then centralize the secrets and settings every earlier page referenced loosely, before networking, gateways and VPN lock the whole thing behind a private network and a proper API front door. Email and integration wire notifier up to the outside world, and operations, governance and beyond closes the loop: monitoring, cost, compliance, migration paths and the developer tooling that ties CI/CD back to everything above.

What’s covered

Foundations

  • Cloud Concepts — IaaS/PaaS/SaaS, the shared responsibility model, and the vocabulary the rest of this section assumes.

  • Getting Started with Azure — creating an account, the free tier, and installing and signing in with the Azure CLI, Bicep and azd.

  • Azure Global Infrastructure — regions, availability zones and datacenters, and how they shape resiliency decisions.

  • Resource Organization — management groups, subscriptions, resource groups, tags and naming conventions, applied to rg-bookshelf.

  • Identity and Access — Microsoft Entra ID, RBAC role assignments, managed identities and workload identity, the mechanisms every later page’s --assign-identity and az role assignment create calls build on.

  • Infrastructure as Code — Bicep modules and azd templates for provisioning Bookshelf repeatably, instead of one-off az commands.

Compute

Storage and CDN

  • Storage Accounts — stbookshelf, redundancy options and access tiers.

  • Blob Storage — containers, lifecycle management, and serving Bookshelf’s static front end from $web.

  • Front Door and CDN — afd-bookshelf, WAF rules and edge caching in front of both the static site and API Management.

Managed databases

Security and runtime configuration

  • Key Vault and Secrets — kv-bookshelf, secret and certificate management, and RBAC versus access policies.

  • Runtime Configuration — appcs-bookshelf, feature flags, and Kubernetes ConfigMaps/Secrets as the AKS-side equivalent.

Networking, gateways and VPN

Email and integration

Operations, governance and beyond

Foundry Tools

The Foundry Tools sub-section is a practical guide to Microsoft’s prebuilt AI services (formerly Azure AI services and Cognitive Services), run from the foundry-bookshelf resource:

Cheat Sheet — a single-page, printable summary of this section, with a downloadable PDF.

mindmap root((Azure)) Foundations Cloud Concepts Getting Started Global Infrastructure Resource Organization Identity and Access Infrastructure as Code Compute Choosing a Compute Service Container Registry Container Apps Scaling, Jobs and Dapr App Service and Functions AKS Clusters AKS Microservices Storage and CDN Storage Accounts Blob Storage Front Door and CDN Managed databases Managed Databases Overview Azure SQL PostgreSQL and MySQL Cosmos DB and DocumentDB Redis and Partner Databases Security and runtime configuration Key Vault and Secrets Runtime Configuration Networking, gateways and VPN Virtual Networks Gateways and Load Balancing API Management VPN and Hybrid Connectivity Email and integration Email with Communication Services Messaging and Integration Operations, governance and beyond Monitoring and Observability Governance and Compliance Cost Management Architecture, Migration and Hybrid AI, Data and IoT Overview Developer Tools and DevOps Foundry Tools Choosing, resources and security Speech and Voice Live Translator and Language Vision, Face and documents Content Safety and AI Search Agents and end-to-end scenarios

Media Optimization

The Media Optimization page covers media processing on Azure after the retirement of Azure Media Services: Video Indexer for analysis, partner transcoders, self-hosted FFmpeg in Container Apps event-driven jobs, image resizing with Blob Storage, Event Grid and Azure Functions, and delivery with Front Door.

Several pages in this section link back to material that already has its own home elsewhere on this site, rather than duplicating it here:

Existing page Link from

Deploying Redis on Azure (+ its AWS/GCP siblings)

Redis and Partner Databases on Azure

File Storage & Object Stores

Blob Storage, Storage Accounts

Configuration and Profiles (=== Kubernetes ConfigMaps and Secrets)

Runtime Configuration

Deployment, .NET Aspire and Cloud-Native Development, Configuration and the Options Pattern, Security Hardening

Container Apps, App Service and Azure Functions, Key Vault and Secrets, Runtime Configuration

Orchestration: Swarm Mode and Kubernetes, Registries and Docker Hub, Docker CI/CD with GitHub Actions

Azure Container Registry, AKS Clusters, Deploying Microservices on AKS

Comparing Vector Databases, PostgreSQL & pgvector

Managed Databases on Azure, PostgreSQL and MySQL on Azure

Serverless and Cloud Functions, Kubernetes and OpenShift

App Service and Azure Functions, Deploying Microservices on AKS

Social Login and Federation, Authorization Server & Social Login, JWT, OIDC and Keycloak

Identity and Access

Messaging Protocols, Messaging with SmallRye Reactive Messaging

Messaging and Integration Services

API Gateway and Backends for Frontends

Gateways and Load Balancing, API Management

Data Access with EF6 (SqlAzureExecutionStrategy)

Azure SQL

Scheduling and Mail, Configuration and Profiles (MailSender)

Email with Azure Communication Services

Speech to Text, Text to Speech, Realtime APIs, Voice Architectures

Speech to Text, Text to Speech and Avatars, Voice Live API for Voice Agents

Document Parsing, Multimodal RAG, Guardrails & Prompt Injection

Document Intelligence: Custom Models, Classification and RAG Ingestion, Content Understanding: Multimodal Analyzers, Content Safety, Prompt Shields and Groundedness

Prompt Injection, Guardrails, Sensitive Information and Hidden Context, Responsible AI Practices

Content Safety, Prompt Shields and Groundedness, Language: PII, Entities, Language Detection and Health, Networking, Security and Responsible AI

Model Context Protocol (MCP), Tool Design

Using Foundry Tools from Agents (MCP and Toolbox)

Comparing Vector Databases, Integrating with Spring AI

Azure AI Search with Foundry Tools

Related open issues cover adjacent ground this section doesn’t (yet): #171 tracks Terraform as an alternative to Bicep for infrastructure as code, and #184 tracks a closer look at API managers, secret managers, and gateways and scaling in the cloud more broadly.

Bibliography

Requester-provided books, consulted for the practitioner’s angle and exam-style framing only — never the primary source for any command or code example on this section’s pages:

Official Microsoft Learn documentation, grouped by the same section groups above:

General:

Compute:

Storage/CDN:

Databases:

Security/config:

Networking/gateways:

Email/integration:

Foundry Tools (the Foundry Tools sub-section; each page also cites the specific page every example derives from):

Operations (retirement notices cited across the pages above where a service is being deprecated or replaced):

Partner documentation, where a page relies on a non-Microsoft managed service or open-source project:

Where this section’s prose and the official documentation disagree, the official documentation wins.